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ROBOTICS pp 246(247) - 252

mybb@mybb.ru (hvsts) — Mon, 26 Feb 2024 16:47:55 +0300

for Pre - Industrial and Smart
Questions:
1. What was the play called that introduced the term "robot"?
2. What is the end effector of an industrial robot?
3. Why were early industrial robots limited in their ability to respond to variations in the environment?
4. What was one of the earliest AI robots built at the Stanford Research Institute?
5. When was the "Stanford Cart" built by Hans Moravec?
6. What approach does behavior-based robotics use to program robots?
7. What were the MIT "sociable robots" Cog and Kismet able to do?

A. R.U.R.
B. Hand
D. They had very little ability to respond to variations
A. Shakey
B. 1970s
C. Bottom-up approach
A. Explore the world and learn to interact with people

BASIC TYPES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES 74(75) - 81

mybb@mybb.ru (hvsts) — Sun, 25 Feb 2024 17:28:44 +0300

pp 75-76 (�� functional) ��/��

Questions:
1. What is the central feature of imperative languages according to the text?
A. Loops and conditions
B. Variables and assignment statements
C. Functions and classes
D. Inheritance and polymorphism

2. Which two languages are considered the most efficient imperative languages?
A. Python and Java
B. C and FORTRAN
C. JavaScript and Ruby
D. Swift and Kotlin

3. What is the basic statement that imperative languages have in common?
A. Function declaration
B. Loop initialization
C. Assignment statement
D. Exception handling

4. What do newer languages prefer to do when describing a problem according to the text?
A. Specify in great detail how to move data around
B. Command the computer to move data from one place to another
C. Describe a problem and let the computer figure out how to solve it
D. Focus on low-level commands to implement the program

5. In what scenarios are non-imperative languages preferred according to the text?
A. When developing simple software systems
B. When dealing with small data sets
C. When searching through large amounts of data or solving complex problems
D. When focusing on procedural programming

Correct answers:
1. B
2. B
3. C
4. C
5. C

HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT 207-210

mybb@mybb.ru (hvsts) — Fri, 23 Feb 2024 18:47:41 +0300

https://youtu.be/iw1o4ozvjEU

1. What do we learn about the first use of computer graphics?
2. How did the Cold war influence computer graphics?
3. What appeared in 1961?
4. Teapot. What role did it play?
5. Late 70s and early 80s. Role?
6. 1990s - role?
7. What role did George Lukas play in the development of computer graphics?
8. What is said about computer graphics today?

UNIT 10. High-level languages

mybb@mybb.ru (hvsts) — Fri, 23 Feb 2024 18:42:52 +0300

Pascal

https://youtu.be/F7uZsSbodHw?si=_2iFgcL44cyS7VBH

- Pascal was implemented on various computers, not just one specific type
- The approach used is now known as __________(1)
- A compiler was written from Pascal to a hypothetical computer, then code was ported to an actual computer
- This method helped spread Pascal to other __________(2)
- Pascal was released in 1970, used in teaching by __________(3)
- Breakthrough came around __________(4) when microcomputers became popular
- Turbo Pascal was a significant development, sold for $50 with the whole system, making it more affordable than __________(5).

Functions 97-106

mybb@mybb.ru (hvsts) — Fri, 23 Feb 2024 18:38:07 +0300

https://youtu.be/bS3QuOQgUu8

Questions:
1. How does the clock speed of a processor affect the number of instructions carried out?
2. Explain the relationship between bandwidth and the amount of information processed in one instruction.
3. Why is cache memory important for a processor?
4. What is the difference between a job scheduler and a process scheduler?
5. Describe the five different states a process can be in and what each state signifies.
6. What information does a process control block contain, and why is it important?
7. How does the concept of a linked list of PCBs help in managing processes efficiently?

Correct answers:
1. The quicker the clock speed, the more cycles are run, leading to more instructions being carried out.
2. The efficiency of a processor's architecture determines the actual amount of work the processor can perform.
3. Bandwidth determines how much information can be processed in one instruction, with wider bandwidth allowing for more data to be processed.
4. Cache memory on a processor allows for faster access to data compared to RAM, improving overall performance.
5. A job scheduler manages multiple processes within a job, while a process scheduler handles the execution of individual processes.
6. The five states a process can be in are hold, ready, run, wait, and finish, each representing a different stage in the process lifecycle.
7. An IO request page fault puts a job in a waiting state until the necessary resource is available for it to continue processing.
8. A process control block contains essential information about a job, including its current status, resource usage, and progress.
9. Process control blocks are used to organize processes by storing them in queues based on their status and resource needs.
10. Using a linked list of PCBs helps in efficiently managing processes by allowing for easy access and manipulation of process information.

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mybb@mybb.ru (hvsts) — Fri, 23 Feb 2024 18:33:16 +0300

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